Filter.



J. W. HAMME'IT.

FILTER.

APPLICATION PLLED JUNE 1s, 1909.

939,497. Patented Nov. 9, 11,909,

2 SHEETS-*SHEET l.

A Homey J. W. HAMMETT.

FILTER.

APPL'IOATION FILED .TUNE 16, 1909.

'Patented NW9, 1909.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

W TNESSES v[N VE 1V TOR JAMES W. HAMMETT, OF EUREKA, WEST VIRGINIA.

FILTER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 9, 1909.

Application tiled J-une 16, 1909. Serial No. 502,608.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JAMES W. HAMMETT, of Eureka, in the county of Pleasan'ts and State of Test Virginia, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Filters; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it -appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to an improvement in filters, designed to be submerged in the source of/water supply, and connected to a pump, whereby the water drawn or forced out by the pump, will be freed of all impurities that can be removed by a sand filter.

My invention consists in air and water pipes communicating with a chamber composed of plates connected bya series yof pipes,and also by reinforcing rods, a base, and a body c1 masonry or concrete in which the reinforcing strips are embedded, the sides or body of the filter having perforations through same for the passage of water to the filter chamber, and covered with gravel and sand through which the water musttpass before entering the filter chamber.

My invention further consists in certain details of construction as will be more fully described and pointed out inthe claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure' 1 is a view of the upper and lower plates and connecting pipes and reinforcing connection. Fig. 2 is a view in vertical 'section of the completed filter. Fig. 3 is a view in horizontal'section 4and Fligs. t and 5 are views in section of a modified form offilter.

1 represents the cap plate and 2 the base plate connected by a pipe .3 which latter passes through both plates and terminates below the base plate in a nozzle 4, and` are.

also connected by the air pipe 5 and the pump pipe 6. 4The base plate 2 is'provided with upwardly projecting threaded lianges 7 for the attachment of the lower ends of the pi es Sand. 6, and with an opening hav-I ing t readed wall for Aattachment of the lower end of the through pipe 3. The upper ends of these pipes all terminate within ianged collars 8 screwed int-o the cap plate, and communicate with pipes 3a 5a and 6a o f the water down to the collar 8 and are Screwed into the upper threaded ends of said collars. The twoplates 1 and 2 are further connected by the reinforcing bars 9, which as shown in Fig. 1, are secured at their lower ends to the base plate 2 and extend outwardly therefrom and are then bent upwardly and inwardly and are secured at their upper ends to the cap plate 1.

In constructing the permanent or fixed filter shown in Figs. l, 2 and, a cofer dam of the proper size is sunk to the bottom 'of the river bed or other body of water, and after having been freed of water,- an excavation of the necessary size is made, after which the skeleton frame work consisting of the cap and base plates 1 and 2, pipes 3, 4 and 5 and reinforcing bars 9 is placed iti position on the bottom of the excavation and covered with about two inches of concrete 10, the latter extending out some little distance beyond the reinforcing angle irons.

.After the concrete base l()V has sufficiently set, vI lill the space between the cap plate 1 andthe majr part of the concrte base 2, but inside of the reinforcing angle bar, with wet sand in the form of a truncated cone, the latter being confined and held in place by a sheet of muslin or other fabric snugly drawn over the surface of the sand, the fabric being greased to prevent the concrete body of 'the lter from adhering thereto. Afterthe sand core has been thus formed, concrete is deposited over and on the fabric 'from' the concrete` base u to the cap plate 1, thus embedding the ang e bars 9, which latter reinforce the concrete body or wall of vthe filter.` The thickness of this wall 1.1 of

concrete should be in proportion to the size of the filter, and while it 1s in a soft state, it i's perforated at numerous points, by forcing pointed andI greased stri s through it, and also through the fabric inclosing the sand core. These strips may be of metal or wood and should be removed as soon as the concrete sets. After the concrete sets, it is covered with aded gravel and sand, the coarse gravel being next to the concrete, and gradually gradmg down outwardly to sharp sand, the coating of gravel and sand being preferably about'three feetin thickness.

Across the top of the filter I form a hood which extend from a point above the surface i 13 of fine mesh` n0n-corrodible wire, and

in pipe is also for the passage of Water above hood 13,. and' attached thereto, is a hood of strong heavy Woven Wire 14 Weighted at its edges lay-concrete blocks 15, the latterbeing Well out beyond the outer edge of the top of filter'bod'y 11.

The hood14 is coveredwith'sand.- and gravel to approximately the level of the bed of the river o other body 'of Water, and I prefer to provide atleast six inches of gravel and sand above the hoods.

Aftervthe concrete has set, the sand core and its fabric. coveringl are removed through an opening in the cap plate, which opening is subsequently closed and sealed.

Pipes 5 and 6 fare each provided vvith openings 15 near fthe bottom, for tlie admissionv of Water "to 'the pipe 6 which isA connected with the pump, and for .the admission vof air to the filter chamber through pipes' 5 and 5, the'v latter being also provided near its top Witha hole 16 for the entrance of air to thevtop' ofthe chamber.' The opening 15a andwliatever sediment may have accumulated Within the filter, when the latter is flushed by forcingv water down through pipe (i.k

All of the pipes extend up Iabove the vsurface of the water and those except the pump pipi;l 6 are preferably covered Wit-hea wire ho l In the larger size filters such as Ilhave -described, the through pipe may be omitted butin the small sizes which are built above the surfacev and then submerged, thispi e is necessary. The small sizes, or portable ters may be conical in shape like' that shown in Fig.-2, but I prefer to make them cylindrical as shown in Figs. 4 and 5. In constructing this form, I secure the cap plate and'v base plate bythe pipes and straight reinforcing y rods, and cover the base'plate With'a layer of concrete, as in the previous structure. A

bag of sandV is suspended from the top plate.

within-the space between the three pipes 3-5 and 6 and covering and protecting the openings in the latter, after which the concrete is `molded 'around the pipes and sand bag, and'between the cap and base plates, the concrete body being perforated .as in the previous construction orthe free inovv of water.- After the concrete has set suiciently in the bed of a river'or` other body of Water,

by .loweringthe filter onto the bottomand forcing Water through the through pipe 3 and nozzle 4, in a manner similar to that employed for Isinking piles, and when used in bored wells, sand may be supplied `to the outer side of the filter body by forcing it down through the throughvpipe, or shoveled in from the top.

It is evident that many slight changes might be resorted to in the relative arrangement of parts shown and described Without departing from the spirit and scope of my invention, hence I would have it understood that .I do not Wish to confine myself to the exact construction and arrangement of parts shown and described, but,

' Having fully described my invention what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters-Patent, is :-v

1. A ilter comprising cap and base plates and a body Wall intermediate the plates, and' having holes therein, tie rods connecting the plates and reinforcing the Wall, and a plu rality of pipes passing through the top plate and communicating with the l chamber formed by the plateand body Wall.

2. A filter comprising cap and base plates,

and a body Wall intermediate the plates and having holes through same, tie rods connecting the plates and reinforcing the Wall and a 'plurality of pipes passing through saidl cap plate, tvvo of said pipes communieating with the filter chamber and the third pipe terminating in a discharge nozzle below the base plate.

3. A submerged filter comprising a body Wall provided with perforations, a base plate, a cap plate .resting on the body, a plurality of pipes passing through the cap plate and communicating Withthe filter chamber, a bed of gravel and sand covering the perforated body, 4and an open wort; hood located abovethe cap plate and covered with gravel and sand.v

4. A submerged filter comprising a body having vnumerous perforations diral gh saine, a flanged base plate, a cap plate, pipes passing'through the cap plate and. secured to the flanges ofthe base plate, the said pipes being in open` communication with the filter chamber and a bed of gravel. and sand covering the perforated ibody. 4

5. A submerged filter comprising a. top plate, a bottom plate and a built up rein.- forced and perforated body, the parts reinforcing the body also connecting the top and bottom plates, and a series of pipes passing through 'the .top plateand secured to the base plate, the said pipes Vcommunicatiiig with the interior of the filter chamber.

6.'A submerged iit'er comprisingv a top plate, a base plate, vrods connecting the two plates, a built up body connecting the plates and reinforced by the'rods connecting the latter, the said body being perforated and covered with gravel. and sand, la Wire hood covering the top late and carrying a bed of gravel andsan the said hood :givrojecting gravel and sand covering the body, and

l pipes passing through the top plate and communicating with the lter chamber.

7. A ysubmerged filter comprising a 'cap' plate, a base plate, rods connecting the two plates, a built up body connecting 'the two plates and Vreinforced by the connectin rods, the said body being perforated and covered with gravel and sand, a wire hood covering the cap plate and anchored to the bed of the stream, the said hood carrying a mass of gravel and sand, the latter extending into thevertical plane of the filter cover-v ing of the body, and pipes extending from 15 above the surface of the water into lthe filter chamber.

In testimony whereof, I have signed this 'specification vin, the lpresence -of two subscribing Witnesses.

' JAMES W. HAMMETT.

`JVitnessesz n A. G. INGBAM, JNO. Tamm 

